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The prediction of Jesus regarding his passion causes strong and immediate objections from Peter (16:22-23). Peter has just confessed Jesus to be the Christ (v.16), but he has done so primarily on the basis of Jesus' transcendent power (cf. 14:33). He was unprepared to accept the notion that messianic glory could be achieved only through suffering.
Yet Jesus insists on this point. Indeed, not only must Jesus assume the path of suffering and death, but disciples must follow him on this road to Jerusalem (16:24). Everyone who wishes to be a disciple must deny himself and take up his cross and follow [Jesus].
The Transfiguration points ahead to the resurrection glory of Jesus (17:1-8). The fact that the Transfiguration is set between two statements concerning Jesus' passion (16:21-28; 17:9-13) indicates that Jesus can reach resurrection glory only through suffering and death.
Mt 17:9-13 continues the theme of imminent suffering. Jesus compares his own death to the suffering of John the Baptist at the hands of those who did not recognize him. Jesus soon will be removed from his disciples (as far as his earthly ministry is concerned) by the murderous acts of an “unbelieving and perverse generation.” Therefore the disciples must have faith that is strong enough to continue the ministry that Jesus initiated (vv.14-21). This section ends with the second Passion prediction (vv.22-23; cf. 16:21).