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In contrast to 1Ki 15:1-8, which views Abijah in a negative light, the chronicler asserts that Abijah was righteous during his brief reign. He is more than simply an heir to carry on the Davidic monarchy, he is one who trusts God in battle. Abijah, outnumbered two to one by Jeroboam, issues a twofold challenge. He maintains that the only true monarchy is Davidic (13:4-7). Abijah, ignoring the Lord’s hand in the split, charges the ten tribes with rebellion against a young, indecisive and impotent Rehoboam.
Abijah challenges Jeroboam regarding true worship (13:8-12). Israel’s religion is false. Jeroboam fashioned golden calves to worship and anointed anyone to the priesthood. This system clashes with Judah’s worship in which a God-ordained priesthood continues to offer proper sacrifices to the Lord in Abijah’s time. In light of Judah’s faithfulness, Abijah is fully assured of God’s help in battle.
Jeroboam ignores Abijah’s appeals, and he attempts to ambush Judah. Judah raises the battle cry and, as in the days of holy war, God routs the enemy. The North sustains heavy casualties because Judah relied on the Lord and not on its outnumbered troops. Differing fates await the warring kings. The Lord kills Jeroboam, but he gives Abijah strength and a large family.