2. Manasseh (33:1-20)

The chronicler’s story of Manasseh practically contradicts the parallel report (2Ki 21:1-18). The author of Kings gives a completely negative evaluation of this monarch. Chronicles, however, has a mixed, though generally positive, view of Manasseh. The contrary material has been challenged as counterfeit by some scholars. Nevertheless, the chronicler affirms that no one is beyond God’s grace, even the most wicked king bound for Babylon. Since Manasseh returns from Babylonian exile, the chronicler’s audience would hear this message and respond appropriately to the Lord.

Manasseh leads the people in Canaanite practices, perverting the religious policies of his righteous father. He rebuilds destroyed high places and idols. He constructs altars for rival deities within the temple precincts. This evil provokes God’s anger. Manasseh increases apostasy by setting up an idol in the temple. The Lord delivers Manasseh to Assyria when he repeatedly refuses to repent.

Manasseh’s Babylonian exile is unique to Chronicles (vv.11-20). Manasseh humbles himself, and God returns the repentant monarch to Jerusalem. God keeps his promise of 7:14, even in response to the most wicked king of all! Manasseh contrasts with Ahaz who became more wicked when in distress.

After his restoration, Manasseh refortifies the land and leads a religious reform. He destroys false gods and restores the temple. The high places are converted into shrines for the Lord. This is one of the few cases where repentance occurs late in a monarch’s life.