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The inclusive nature of the community that is to receive the Holy Spirit (vv.12-14) is seen in Luke’s inclusion of women and the previously antagonistic family of Jesus (Mk 3:21; Jn 7:3). Luke also reveals the very human nature of this community. While they wait in prayer for the fulfillment of the promise, they also take matters into their own hands to create a replacement for Judas (vv.15-26). Apparently, this arises from their earlier concern about Israel and the kingdom since Jesus had promised that they would sit on twelve thrones judging the tribes of Israel (Mt 19:28).
Paul is often suggested as the one whom God chose to fill the number of apostles. But in Luke’s presentation “the apostles” are restricted solely to Palestine and the outreach to those associated with Judaism (14:4, 14 is the exception that proves the rule), while Paul undertakes the outreach to the gentile world.