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Following Jeroboam II, everything fell apart for the northern kingdom. All of the five kings listed here receive disastrous marks, and they once again demonstrate the political instability characteristic of the northern kingdom. In contrast to the Davidic dynasty in Judah, which, apart from Athaliah’s brief and unwelcome interlude, reigned throughout her history, Israel’s kingship was continually changing hands.
Assyria, though somewhat weaker during Jeroboam II’s reign, had now regained considerable strength. Israel was therefore constantly looking over her shoulder, paying attention to this eastern enemy’s every move. During the reign of Menahem (c. 752-742 b.c.), the anticipated invasion actually occurred, but a sizeable Israelite tribute temporarily appeased the attackers (vv.19-20). An even more serious situation arose while Pekah was in power. Under Tiglath-Pileser III, the Assyrians ravaged the entire countryside and deported a good percentage of the population (v.29). All that remained undone was the conquering of Samaria and, with it, the final fall of Israel. That job, however, would be left for Tiglath-Pileser III’s successor.