VIII. Final Greetings—Benediction (4:21-22)

Each and all of the saints in Philippi are greeted from the brothers who are with Paul, i.e., his colleagues and friends; and from the saints who are connected with Caesar’s household. Where this is located depends on the city of origin (see introduction).

Paul’s closing benediction (v.23) sounds a central note in his theology and experience: the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ. This is the Gospel in a nutshell! The phrase your spirit (pneuma) is used frequently in the NT to mean the whole person and simply means “with you.”