JADE, a general term used to include various mineral substances of tough compact texture, and nearly white to dark green color, used by early man for utensils and ornaments (Exod 28:18; 39:11; Ezek 28:13 NEB). It includes two mineral species: (1) nephrite, a variety of fibrous amphibole, either tremolite (whitish calcium-magnesium silicate) or actinolite (green calcium-magnesium-iron silicate), and (2) jadeite, a green sodium-aluminum silicate of the pyroxene group, and a dark green to nearly black kind of jadeite called chloromelanite. Much jade has come from Upper Burma, Central India and southeastern Turkestan.