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3:1 Haman the Agagite. Although the names “Haman” and “Hammedatha” may be Persian, the identification of Haman as “the Agagite” suggests an important association with Agag, the king of the Amalekites, the archenemies of Israel, who were opposed by Saul (Ex. 17:8–16; Deut. 25:17–19; 1 Sam. 14:47–15:35).