27:11 boughs. The mighty city will become brittle like dried out branches.

people without discernment. The city is inhabited by foolish idolaters (2:8 note; Rom. 1:20–23).

he who made. See 22:11 note.

he who formed. A frequent designation of God as Creator, Ruler, and Redeemer of His people. The verb denotes planning (“purposed,” 46:11); authority, as of an artisan over his materials (41:25); creation and providence (45:18); and the formation of a new people (43:1, 21; 44:2, 21; 49:5; 64:8).

favor. This is the undeserved grace of God (26:10; 30:18, 19; 33:2).