ESV Reformation Study Bible – Ruth 4:11
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Ruth 4:11

4:11 like Rachel and Leah. These are the two wives of Jacob (Israel), who were the mothers, either naturally or through their maids Zilpah and Bilhah, of all the sons of Israel, the heads of the twelve tribes.

Ephrathah . . . Bethlehem. As in 1:1–2, these place names, associated with David, are given special prominence.