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12 [a]waiting for and hastening the coming of the day of God,(A) because of which the heavens will be dissolved in flames and the elements melted by fire. 13 But according to his promise we await new heavens and a new earth[b] in which righteousness dwells.(B)

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Footnotes

  1. 3:12 Flames…fire: although this is the only New Testament passage about a final conflagration, the idea was common in apocalyptic and Greco-Roman thought. Hastening: eschatology is here used to motivate ethics (2 Pt 3:11), as elsewhere in the New Testament. Jewish sources and Acts 3:19–20 assume that proper ethical conduct can help bring the promised day of the Lord; cf. 2 Pt 3:9. Some render the phrase, however, “desiring it earnestly.”
  2. 3:13 New heavens and a new earth: cf. Is 65:17; 66:22. The divine promises will be fulfilled after the day of judgment will have passed. The universe will be transformed by the reign of God’s righteousness or justice; cf. Is 65:17–18; Acts 3:21; Rom 8:18–25; Rev 21:1.

12 as you look forward(A) to the day of God and speed its coming.[a](B) That day will bring about the destruction of the heavens by fire, and the elements will melt in the heat.(C) 13 But in keeping with his promise we are looking forward to a new heaven and a new earth,(D) where righteousness dwells.

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Footnotes

  1. 2 Peter 3:12 Or as you wait eagerly for the day of God to come

VI. The New Creation[a]

Chapter 21

The New Heaven and the New Earth. (A)Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth. The former heaven and the former earth had passed away, and the sea was no more.[b]

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Footnotes

  1. 21:1–22:5 A description of God’s eternal kingdom in heaven under the symbols of a new heaven and a new earth; cf. Is 65:17–25; 66:22; Mt 19:28.
  2. 21:1 Sea…no more: because as home of the dragon it was doomed to disappear; cf. Jb 7:12.

A New Heaven and a New Earth

21 Then I saw “a new heaven and a new earth,”[a](A) for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away,(B) and there was no longer any sea.

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Footnotes

  1. Revelation 21:1 Isaiah 65:17