Law Courts

If cases come before your courts that are too difficult for you to judge(A)—whether bloodshed, lawsuits or assaults(B)—take them to the place the Lord your God will choose.(C) Go to the Levitical(D) priests and to the judge(E) who is in office at that time. Inquire of them and they will give you the verdict.(F) 10 You must act according to the decisions they give you at the place the Lord will choose. Be careful to do everything they instruct you to do. 11 Act according to whatever they teach you and the decisions they give you. Do not turn aside from what they tell you, to the right or to the left.(G) 12 Anyone who shows contempt(H) for the judge or for the priest who stands ministering(I) there to the Lord your God is to be put to death.(J) You must purge the evil from Israel.(K) 13 All the people will hear and be afraid, and will not be contemptuous again.(L)

The King

14 When you enter the land the Lord your God is giving you and have taken possession(M) of it and settled in it,(N) and you say, “Let us set a king over us like all the nations around us,”(O) 15 be sure to appoint(P) over you a king the Lord your God chooses. He must be from among your fellow Israelites.(Q) Do not place a foreigner over you, one who is not an Israelite. 16 The king, moreover, must not acquire great numbers of horses(R) for himself(S) or make the people return to Egypt(T) to get more of them,(U) for the Lord has told you, “You are not to go back that way again.”(V) 17 He must not take many wives,(W) or his heart will be led astray.(X) He must not accumulate(Y) large amounts of silver and gold.(Z)

18 When he takes the throne(AA) of his kingdom, he is to write(AB) for himself on a scroll a copy(AC) of this law, taken from that of the Levitical priests. 19 It is to be with him, and he is to read it all the days of his life(AD) so that he may learn to revere the Lord his God and follow carefully all the words of this law and these decrees(AE) 20 and not consider himself better than his fellow Israelites and turn from the law(AF) to the right or to the left.(AG) Then he and his descendants will reign a long time over his kingdom in Israel.(AH)

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(A)“If a matter arises which is too hard for you to judge, between degrees of guilt for bloodshed, between one judgment or another, or between one punishment or another, matters of controversy within your gates, then you shall arise and go up to the (B)place which the Lord your God chooses. And (C)you shall come to the priests, the Levites, and (D)to the judge there in those days, and inquire of them; (E)they shall pronounce upon you the sentence of judgment. 10 You shall do according to the sentence which they pronounce upon you in that place which the Lord chooses. And you shall be careful to do according to all that they order you. 11 According to the sentence of the law in which they instruct you, according to the judgment which they tell you, you shall do; you shall not turn aside to the right hand or to the left from the sentence which they pronounce upon you. 12 Now (F)the man who acts presumptuously and will not heed the priest who stands to minister there before the Lord your God, or the judge, that man shall die. So you shall put away the evil from Israel. 13 (G)And all the people shall hear and fear, and no longer act presumptuously.

Principles Governing Kings

14 “When you come to the land which the Lord your God is giving you, and possess it and dwell in it, and say, (H)‘I will set a king over me like all the nations that are around me,’ 15 you shall surely set a king over you (I)whom the Lord your God chooses; one (J)from among your brethren you shall set as king over you; you may not set a foreigner over you, who is not your brother. 16 But he shall not multiply (K)horses for himself, nor cause the people (L)to return to Egypt to multiply horses, for (M)the Lord has said to you, (N)‘You shall not return that way again.’ 17 Neither shall he multiply wives for himself, lest his heart turn away; nor shall he greatly multiply silver and (O)gold for himself.

18 “Also it shall be, when he sits on the throne of his kingdom, that he shall write for himself a copy of this law in a book, from the one (P)before the priests, the Levites. 19 And (Q)it shall be with him, and he shall read it all the days of his life, that he may learn to fear the Lord his God and be careful to observe all the words of this law and these statutes, 20 that his heart may not [a]be lifted above his brethren, that he (R)may not turn aside from the commandment to the right hand or to the left, and that he may [b]prolong his days in his kingdom, he and his children in the midst of Israel.

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Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 17:20 become proud
  2. Deuteronomy 17:20 continue long in his kingdom

28 “Do not blaspheme God[a](A) or curse(B) the ruler of your people.(C)

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 22:28 Or Do not revile the judges

28 (A)“You shall not revile God, nor curse a (B)ruler of your people.

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Judges

18 Appoint judges(A) and officials for each of your tribes in every town the Lord your God is giving you, and they shall judge the people fairly.(B)

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Justice Must Be Administered

18 “You shall appoint (A)judges and officers in all your [a]gates, which the Lord your God gives you, according to your tribes, and they shall judge the people with just judgment.

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Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 16:18 towns

Laws of Justice and Mercy

23 “Do not spread false reports.(A) Do not help a guilty person by being a malicious witness.(B)

“Do not follow the crowd in doing wrong. When you give testimony in a lawsuit, do not pervert justice(C) by siding with the crowd,(D)

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Justice for All

23 “You (A)shall not circulate a false report. Do not put your hand with the wicked to be an (B)unrighteous witness. (C)You shall not follow a crowd to do evil; (D)nor shall you testify in a dispute so as to turn aside after many to pervert justice.

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Have nothing to do with a false charge(A) and do not put an innocent(B) or honest person to death,(C) for I will not acquit the guilty.(D)

“Do not accept a bribe,(E) for a bribe blinds those who see and twists the words of the innocent.

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(A)Keep yourself far from a false matter; (B)do not kill the innocent and righteous. For (C)I will not justify the wicked. And (D)you shall take no bribe, for a bribe blinds the discerning and perverts the words of the righteous.

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15 “‘Do not pervert justice;(A) do not show partiality(B) to the poor or favoritism to the great,(C) but judge your neighbor fairly.(D)

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15 ‘You shall do no injustice in (A)judgment. You shall not (B)be partial to the poor, nor honor the person of the mighty. In righteousness you shall judge your neighbor.

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16 Parents are not to be put to death for their children, nor children put to death for their parents; each will die for their own sin.(A)

17 Do not deprive the foreigner or the fatherless(B) of justice,(C) or take the cloak of the widow as a pledge. 18 Remember that you were slaves in Egypt(D) and the Lord your God redeemed you from there. That is why I command you to do this.

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16 (A)“Fathers shall not be put to death for their children, nor shall children be put to death for their fathers; a person shall be put to death for his own sin.

17 (B)“You shall not pervert justice due the stranger or the fatherless, (C)nor take a widow’s garment as a pledge. 18 But (D)you shall remember that you were a slave in Egypt, and the Lord your God redeemed you from there; therefore I command you to do this thing.

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19 Do not pervert justice(A) or show partiality.(B) Do not accept a bribe,(C) for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise and twists the words of the innocent. 20 Follow justice and justice alone, so that you may live and possess the land the Lord your God is giving you.

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19 (A)You shall not pervert justice; (B)you shall not [a]show partiality, (C)nor take a bribe, for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise and [b]twists the words of the righteous. 20 You shall follow what is altogether just, that you may (D)live and inherit the land which the Lord your God is giving you.

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Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 16:19 Lit. regard faces
  2. Deuteronomy 16:19 perverts

20 “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.(A)

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20 (A)‘You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.

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Witnesses

15 One witness is not enough to convict anyone accused of any crime or offense they may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.(A)

16 If a malicious witness(B) takes the stand to accuse someone of a crime, 17 the two people involved in the dispute must stand in the presence of the Lord before the priests and the judges(C) who are in office at the time. 18 The judges must make a thorough investigation,(D) and if the witness proves to be a liar, giving false testimony against a fellow Israelite, 19 then do to the false witness as that witness intended to do to the other party.(E) You must purge the evil from among you. 20 The rest of the people will hear of this and be afraid,(F) and never again will such an evil thing be done among you. 21 Show no pity:(G) life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.(H)

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The Law Concerning Witnesses

15 (A)“One witness shall not rise against a man concerning any iniquity or any sin that he commits; by the mouth of two or three witnesses the matter shall be established. 16 If a false witness (B)rises against any man to testify against him of wrongdoing, 17 then both men in the controversy shall stand before the Lord, (C)before the priests and the judges who serve in those days. 18 And the judges shall make careful inquiry, and indeed, if the witness is a false witness, who has testified falsely against his brother, 19 (D)then you shall do to him as he thought to have done to his brother; so (E)you shall put away the evil from among you. 20 (F)And those who remain shall hear and fear, and hereafter they shall not again commit such evil among you. 21 (G)Your eye shall not pity: (H)life shall be for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.

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25 When people have a dispute, they are to take it to court and the judges(A) will decide the case,(B) acquitting(C) the innocent and condemning the guilty.(D) If the guilty person deserves to be beaten,(E) the judge shall make them lie down and have them flogged in his presence with the number of lashes the crime deserves, but the judge must not impose more than forty lashes.(F) If the guilty party is flogged more than that, your fellow Israelite will be degraded in your eyes.(G)

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Laws of Social Responsibility

25 “If there is a (A)dispute between men, and they come to [a]court, that the judges may judge them, and they (B)justify the righteous and condemn the wicked, then it shall be, if the wicked man (C)deserves to be beaten, that the judge will cause him to lie down (D)and be beaten in his presence, according to his guilt, with a certain number of blows. (E)Forty blows he may give him and no more, lest he should exceed this and beat him with many blows above these, and your brother (F)be humiliated in your sight.

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Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 25:1 Lit. the judgment

Various Laws

22 If someone guilty of a capital offense(A) is put to death and their body is exposed on a pole, 23 you must not leave the body hanging on the pole overnight.(B) Be sure to bury(C) it that same day, because anyone who is hung on a pole is under God’s curse.(D) You must not desecrate(E) the land the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance.

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Miscellaneous Laws

22 “If a man has committed a sin (A)deserving of death, and he is put to death, and you hang him on a tree, 23 (B)his body shall not remain overnight on the tree, but you shall surely bury him that day, so that (C)you do not defile the land which the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance; for (D)he who is hanged is accursed of God.

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