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“Reuben, my ·first son [firstborn], you are my strength.
    ·Your birth showed I could be a father [L …and the first of my virility/vigor].
·You have the highest position among my sons [L …excelling in pride/rank/authority],
    and you are the most powerful [L …excelling in power].
But you are ·uncontrolled [unstable] like water [C often a symbol of chaos or evil],
    so you will no longer ·lead your brothers [L excel].
This is because you got into your father’s bed
    and ·shamed me by having sexual relations with my slave girl [L you defiled it by going up on my couch; 35:22].

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“Reuben, you are my firstborn,(A)
    my might, the first sign of my strength,(B)
    excelling in honor,(C) excelling in power.
Turbulent as the waters,(D) you will no longer excel,
    for you went up onto your father’s bed,
    onto my couch and defiled it.(E)

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