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The descendants of Gomer: Ashkenaz,[a] Diphath and Togarmah. The descendants of Javan: Elishah,[b] Tarshish, the Kittim and the Rodanim. From these branched out the maritime nations.

These are the descendants of Japheth by their lands, each with its own language, according to their clans, by their nations.

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Footnotes

  1. 10:3 Ashkenaz: an Indo-European people, which later became the medieval rabbinic name for Germany. It now designates one of the great divisions of Judaism, Eastern European Yiddish-speaking Jews.
  2. 10:4 Elishah: Cyprus; the Kittim: certain inhabitants of Cyprus; the Rodanim: the inhabitants of Rhodes.

The sons of Gomer:

Ashkenaz,(A) Riphath and Togarmah.(B)

The sons of Javan:

Elishah,(C) Tarshish,(D) the Kittites(E) and the Rodanites.[a] (From these the maritime peoples spread out into their territories by their clans within their nations, each with its own language.)(F)

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Footnotes

  1. Genesis 10:4 Some manuscripts of the Masoretic Text and Samaritan Pentateuch (see also Septuagint and 1 Chron. 1:7); most manuscripts of the Masoretic Text Dodanites