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then the Lord God formed the man[a] out of the dust of the ground and blew into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living being.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 2:7 God is portrayed as a potter molding the human body out of earth. There is a play on words in Hebrew between ’adam (“human being,” “man”) and ’adama (“ground”). It is not enough to make the body from earth; God must also breathe into the man’s nostrils. A similar picture of divine breath imparted to human beings in order for them to live is found in Ez 37:5, 9–10; Jn 20:22. The Israelites did not think in the (Greek) categories of body and soul.

Then the Lord God formed(A) a man[a](B) from the dust(C) of the ground(D) and breathed into his nostrils the breath(E) of life,(F) and the man became a living being.(G)

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Footnotes

  1. Genesis 2:7 The Hebrew for man (adam) sounds like and may be related to the Hebrew for ground (adamah); it is also the name Adam (see verse 20).

21 For just as the Father raises the dead and gives life,[a] so also does the Son give life to whomever he wishes.(A) 22 Nor does the Father judge anyone, but he has given all judgment[b] to his Son,(B) 23 so that all may honor the Son just as they honor the Father. Whoever does not honor the Son does not honor the Father who sent him. 24 Amen, amen, I say to you, whoever hears my word and believes in the one who sent me has eternal life and will not come to condemnation, but has passed from death to life.(C) 25 Amen, amen, I say to you, the hour is coming and is now here when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live.(D) 26 For just as the Father has life in himself, so also he gave to his Son the possession of life in himself.(E) 27 And he gave him power to exercise judgment, because he is the Son of Man.(F) 28 [c]Do not be amazed at this, because the hour is coming in which all who are in the tombs will hear his voice(G) 29 and will come out, those who have done good deeds to the resurrection of life, but those who have done wicked deeds to the resurrection of condemnation.(H)

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Footnotes

  1. 5:21 Gives life: in the Old Testament, a divine prerogative (Dt 32:39; 1 Sm 2:6; 2 Kgs 5:7; Tb 13:2; Is 26:19; Dn 12:2).
  2. 5:22 Judgment: another divine prerogative, often expressed as acquittal or condemnation (Dt 32:36; Ps 43:1).
  3. 5:28–29 While Jn 5:19–27 present realized eschatology, Jn 5:28–29 are future eschatology; cf. Dn 12:2.

21 For just as the Father raises the dead and gives them life,(A) even so the Son gives life(B) to whom he is pleased to give it. 22 Moreover, the Father judges no one, but has entrusted all judgment to the Son,(C) 23 that all may honor the Son just as they honor the Father. Whoever does not honor the Son does not honor the Father, who sent him.(D)

24 “Very truly I tell you, whoever hears my word and believes him who sent me(E) has eternal life(F) and will not be judged(G) but has crossed over from death to life.(H) 25 Very truly I tell you, a time is coming and has now come(I) when the dead will hear(J) the voice of the Son of God and those who hear will live. 26 For as the Father has life in himself, so he has granted the Son also to have life(K) in himself. 27 And he has given him authority to judge(L) because he is the Son of Man.

28 “Do not be amazed at this, for a time is coming(M) when all who are in their graves will hear his voice 29 and come out—those who have done what is good will rise to live, and those who have done what is evil will rise to be condemned.(N)

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who has indeed qualified us as ministers of a new covenant, not of letter but of spirit;(A) for the letter brings death, but the Spirit gives life.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. 3:6 This verse serves as a topic sentence for 2 Cor 3:7–6:10. For the contrast between letter and spirit, cf. Rom 2:29; 7:5–6.

He has made us competent as ministers of a new covenant(A)—not of the letter(B) but of the Spirit; for the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life.(C)

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17 Now the Lord is the Spirit,[a] and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom.

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Footnotes

  1. 3:17 The Lord is the Spirit: the “Lord” to whom the Christian turns (2 Cor 3:16) is the Spirit of whom Paul has been speaking, the life-giving Spirit of the living God (2 Cor 3:6, 8), the inaugurator of the new covenant and ministry, who is also the Spirit of Christ. The Spirit of the Lord: the Lord here is the living God (2 Cor 3:3), but there may also be an allusion to Christ as Lord (2 Cor 3:14, 16). Freedom: i.e., from the ministry of death (2 Cor 3:7) and the covenant that condemned (2 Cor 3:9).

17 Now the Lord is the Spirit,(A) and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom.(B)

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