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the people of Nineveh believed God; they proclaimed a fast and all of them, great and small,[a] put on sackcloth.(A)

When the news reached the king of Nineveh, he rose from his throne, laid aside his robe, covered himself with sackcloth, and sat in ashes. Then he had this proclaimed throughout Nineveh:[b] “By decree of the king and his nobles, no man or beast, no cattle or sheep, shall taste anything; they shall not eat, nor shall they drink water.

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Footnotes

  1. 3:5 Great and small: the contrast can refer to distinctions of social class (prominent citizens and the poor).
  2. 3:7–8 Fasting and wearing sackcloth are signs of human repentance; here they are legislated even for the animals—a humorous touch, perhaps anticipating 4:11.