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28 (A)for this is my blood of the covenant, which will be shed on behalf of many for the forgiveness of sins.

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24 They are justified freely by his grace through the redemption in Christ Jesus,(A) 25 whom God set forth as an expiation,[a] through faith, by his blood, to prove his righteousness because of the forgiveness of sins previously committed,(B)

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Footnotes

  1. 3:25 Expiation: this rendering is preferable to “propitiation,” which suggests hostility on the part of God toward sinners. As Paul will be at pains to point out (Rom 5:8–10), it is humanity that is hostile to God.

14 how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal spirit[a] offered himself unblemished to God, cleanse our consciences from dead works to worship the living God.(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 9:14 Through the eternal spirit: this expression does not refer either to the holy Spirit or to the divine nature of Jesus but to the life of the risen Christ, “a life that cannot be destroyed” (Hb 7:16).

19 but with the precious blood of Christ(A) as of a spotless unblemished lamb.[a]

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Footnotes

  1. 1:19 Christians have received the redemption prophesied by Isaiah (Is 52:3), through the blood (Jewish symbol of life) of the spotless lamb (Is 53:7, 10; Jn 1:29; Rom 3:24–25; cf. 1 Cor 6:20).

and from Jesus Christ, the faithful witness, the firstborn of the dead and ruler of the kings of the earth. To him who loves us and has freed us[a] from our sins by his blood,(A)

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Footnotes

  1. 1:5 Freed us: the majority of Greek manuscripts and several early versions read “washed us”; but “freed us” is supported by the best manuscripts and fits well with Old Testament imagery, e.g., Is 40:2.