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18 and the Ever-living One [living in and beyond all time and space]. I died, but see, I am alive forevermore, and I have the keys of [absolute control and victory over] death and of Hades (the realm of the dead). 19 So write the things [a]which you have seen [in the vision], and the things [b]which are [now happening], and the things [c]which will take place after these things. 20 As for the mystery of the seven stars which you saw in My right hand, and the seven golden lampstands: the seven stars are the angels ([d]divine messengers) of the seven churches, and the seven lampstands are the seven churches.

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Footnotes

  1. Revelation 1:19 I.e. the vision of ch 1.
  2. Revelation 1:19 I.e. the events of the present moment (chs 2; 3).
  3. Revelation 1:19 I.e. the events to come in chs 4-22, after the messages to the churches in chs 2; 3.
  4. Revelation 1:20 The Greek word for “messenger” is aggelos. When the word is referring to a heavenly being, it is usually not translated, but rather transliterated as “angel”; that is, the Greek letters are converted to their English equivalents, based on the sound of the Greek word. When the word is referring to a human, it is instead translated as “messenger” or the equivalent. So whether “angel” or “messenger” is used depends on the context.

18 I am the Living One; I was dead,(A) and now look, I am alive for ever and ever!(B) And I hold the keys of death and Hades.(C)

19 “Write, therefore, what you have seen,(D) what is now and what will take place later. 20 The mystery of the seven stars that you saw in my right hand(E) and of the seven golden lampstands(F) is this: The seven stars are the angels[a] of the seven churches,(G) and the seven lampstands are the seven churches.(H)

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Footnotes

  1. Revelation 1:20 Or messengers