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Romans 1
Disciples’ Literal New Testament

1 Paul[a], a slave of Christ Jesus, a called apostle[b], having been separated[c] for the good-news of God 2 which He promised-beforehand through His prophets in the Holy Scriptures 3 concerning His Son— the One having come from the seed of David according-to[d] the flesh, 4 the One having been designated[e] as the Son of God with power according to the Spirit[f] of holiness by the resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord— 5 through Whom we received grace and apostleship for the obedience of [g] faith among all the Gentiles for the sake of His name, 6 among whom you also are called ones of Jesus Christ, 7 to all the ones being in Rome, beloved ones of God, called saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

8 First, I am giving-thanks to my God through Jesus Christ for you all because your faith is being proclaimed in the whole world. 9 For God is my witness— Whom I am serving in my spirit in[h] the good-news of His Son— how unceasingly I am making mention of you 10 always in my prayers, asking if somehow now at last I shall be prospered in the will of God to come to you.

11 For I am yearning to see you in order that I may impart some spiritual gift to you so that you may be established. 12 And this is that I may be encouraged-together-with you among you— through each other’s faith, both yours and mine.

13 And I do not want you to be-unaware, brothers, that often I planned to come to you— and was prevented until now— in order that I might have some fruit among you also, as indeed among the other Gentiles. 14 I am a debtor both to Greeks and barbarians, both to wise and foolish. 15 So for my part, I am eager also to announce-the-good-news to you, the ones in Rome.

16 For I am not ashamed-of the good-news, for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone believing[i]— both to the Jew first and to the Greek. 17 For the righteousness of [j] God is revealed in it from faith to faith, just as it has been written [in Hab 2:4]: “But the righteous one shall live by faith”.

God’s Wrath Is Upon All Sin

18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness[k] and unrighteousness[l] of people holding-down[m] the truth in[n] unrighteousness.

Because God Revealed Enough of Himself In Creation For The World To Be Without Excuse

19 Because the thing known of God is evident[o] in[p] them, for God made it evident to them. 20 For His invisible things— both His eternal power and divine-nature— are clearly-seen, being understood since the creation of the world in the things made, so that they are without-excuse.

And Having Known This Truth About God, The World Did Not Honor Him As God

21 Because having known God, they did not glorify Him as God or give-thanks, but became futile in their thoughts, and their senseless heart was darkened.

They Turned From The Glory of The Immortal God To Their Crafted Images of God

22 While claiming to be wise, they became-foolish 23 and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for a likeness— an image of a mortal person and of birds and of four-footed-animals and of reptiles. 24 Therefore God handed them over[q] in the desires of their hearts to impurity so that [r] their bodies are dishonored among them.

They Turned From The Truth To Worship The Creation Rather Than The Creator

25 Who exchanged the truth of God for the lie[s], and worshiped and served the creation[t] rather than the One having created— Who is blessed forever, amen. 26 For this reason God handed them over to passions of [u] dishonor. For both their females exchanged the natural [sexual] function for the one contrary to nature, 27 and likewise also the males, having left the natural [sexual] function of the female, were inflamed by their craving for one another— males with males committing the indecent-act[v] and receiving-back in themselves the return[w] which was due their error[x].

They Disapproved of Keeping God In Mind

28 And as they did not approve to have[y] God in their knowledge, God handed them over to a disapproved mind, to do the things not being proper— 29 having been filled with all unrighteousness, evilness, greed, badness; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, malice; whisperers[z], 30 slanderers, God-haters[aa], violent, proud, boasters, inventors of evils, disobedient to parents, 31 senseless, unfaithful[ab], unaffectionate[ac], unmerciful; 32 who, having known the regulation of God that the ones practicing such things are worthy of death, not only are doing them, but are also giving-approval to the ones practicing them.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 1:1 On when this book was written, see Act 20:3. Paul was in Corinth, Rom 16:23.
  2. Romans 1:1 Or, called to be an apostle.
  3. Romans 1:1 That is, set apart, appointed.
  4. Romans 1:3 Or, with respect to.
  5. Romans 1:4 Or, declared to be.
  6. Romans 1:4 Or, His spirit.
  7. Romans 1:5 That is, consisting of; or, proceeding from.
  8. Romans 1:9 That is, in connection with.
  9. Romans 1:16 Or, exercising faith. Same root word as ‘faith’ in v 17.
  10. Romans 1:17 That is, from God; or, belonging to God; or, the God-kind of-righteousness.
  11. Romans 1:18 That is, lack of reverence toward God; profaneness.
  12. Romans 1:18 That is, wrongdoing; actions violating God’s standards.
  13. Romans 1:18 Or, suppressing, holding back, restraining.
  14. Romans 1:18 That is, in connection with; or, by means of.
  15. Romans 1:19 Or, clear, visible, plainly seen.
  16. Romans 1:19 Or, among.
  17. Romans 1:24 Or, gave them up.
  18. Romans 1:24 Or ‘impurity, the dishonoring as to their bodies among themselves’.
  19. Romans 1:25 That is, the lie of false religion. Or, falsehood.
  20. Romans 1:25 Or, creature.
  21. Romans 1:26 That is, characterized by; or, leading to; or, proceeding from.
  22. Romans 1:27 Or, the shameful-deed.
  23. Romans 1:27 This is a neutral rendering; negatively it means ‘penalty’.
  24. Romans 1:27 Or, deception, delusion.
  25. Romans 1:28 Or, hold, retain.
  26. Romans 1:29 That is, gossips.
  27. Romans 1:30 Or, God-hated. These may be combined as slandering whisperers, God-hated violent ones, proud boasters.
  28. Romans 1:31 Or, undutiful.
  29. Romans 1:31 Or, without good feelings for others.
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Romans 1
New International Version

1 Paul, a servant of Christ Jesus, called to be an apostle(A) and set apart(B) for the gospel of God(C)— 2 the gospel he promised beforehand(D) through his prophets(E) in the Holy Scriptures(F) 3 regarding his Son, who as to his earthly life[a](G) was a descendant of David,(H) 4 and who through the Spirit of holiness was appointed the Son of God in power[b](I) by his resurrection from the dead:(J) Jesus Christ our Lord.(K) 5 Through him we received grace(L) and apostleship to call all the Gentiles(M) to the obedience that comes from[c] faith(N) for his name’s sake. 6 And you also are among those Gentiles who are called to belong to Jesus Christ.(O)

7 To all in Rome who are loved by God(P) and called to be his holy people:(Q)

Grace and peace to you from God our Father and from the Lord Jesus Christ.(R)

Paul’s Longing to Visit Rome

8 First, I thank my God through Jesus Christ for all of you,(S) because your faith is being reported all over the world.(T) 9 God, whom I serve(U) in my spirit in preaching the gospel of his Son, is my witness(V) how constantly I remember you 10 in my prayers at all times;(W) and I pray that now at last by God’s will(X) the way may be opened for me to come to you.(Y)

11 I long to see you(Z) so that I may impart to you some spiritual gift(AA) to make you strong— 12 that is, that you and I may be mutually encouraged by each other’s faith. 13 I do not want you to be unaware,(AB) brothers and sisters,[d](AC) that I planned many times to come to you (but have been prevented from doing so until now)(AD) in order that I might have a harvest among you, just as I have had among the other Gentiles.

14 I am obligated(AE) both to Greeks and non-Greeks, both to the wise and the foolish. 15 That is why I am so eager to preach the gospel also to you who are in Rome.(AF)

16 For I am not ashamed of the gospel,(AG) because it is the power of God(AH) that brings salvation to everyone who believes:(AI) first to the Jew,(AJ) then to the Gentile.(AK) 17 For in the gospel the righteousness of God is revealed(AL)—a righteousness that is by faith(AM) from first to last,[e] just as it is written: “The righteous will live by faith.”[f](AN)

God’s Wrath Against Sinful Humanity

18 The wrath of God(AO) is being revealed from heaven against all the godlessness and wickedness of people, who suppress the truth by their wickedness, 19 since what may be known about God is plain to them, because God has made it plain to them.(AP) 20 For since the creation of the world God’s invisible qualities—his eternal power and divine nature—have been clearly seen, being understood from what has been made,(AQ) so that people are without excuse.(AR)

21 For although they knew God, they neither glorified him as God nor gave thanks to him, but their thinking became futile and their foolish hearts were darkened.(AS) 22 Although they claimed to be wise, they became fools(AT) 23 and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images(AU) made to look like a mortal human being and birds and animals and reptiles.

24 Therefore God gave them over(AV) in the sinful desires of their hearts to sexual impurity for the degrading of their bodies with one another.(AW) 25 They exchanged the truth about God for a lie,(AX) and worshiped and served created things(AY) rather than the Creator—who is forever praised.(AZ) Amen.(BA)

26 Because of this, God gave them over(BB) to shameful lusts.(BC) Even their women exchanged natural sexual relations for unnatural ones.(BD) 27 In the same way the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were inflamed with lust for one another. Men committed shameful acts with other men, and received in themselves the due penalty for their error.(BE)

28 Furthermore, just as they did not think it worthwhile to retain the knowledge of God, so God gave them over(BF) to a depraved mind, so that they do what ought not to be done. 29 They have become filled with every kind of wickedness, evil, greed and depravity. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit and malice. They are gossips,(BG) 30 slanderers, God-haters, insolent, arrogant and boastful; they invent ways of doing evil; they disobey their parents;(BH) 31 they have no understanding, no fidelity, no love,(BI) no mercy. 32 Although they know God’s righteous decree that those who do such things deserve death,(BJ) they not only continue to do these very things but also approve(BK) of those who practice them.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 1:3 Or who according to the flesh
  2. Romans 1:4 Or was declared with power to be the Son of God
  3. Romans 1:5 Or that is
  4. Romans 1:13 The Greek word for brothers and sisters (adelphoi) refers here to believers, both men and women, as part of God’s family; also in 7:1, 4; 8:12, 29; 10:1; 11:25; 12:1; 15:14, 30; 16:14, 17.
  5. Romans 1:17 Or is from faith to faith
  6. Romans 1:17 Hab. 2:4
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