Footnotes

1. Titus 3:12 Paul takes the opportunity to stress one more time that Christians should do what is good (see Tit 3:1, 8, 14). This will ensure that their lives will not be “unfruitful.” The practice of doing good is above all the concrete mutual help among those who are disenfranchised.
2. Titus 3:12 Artemas: apparently one of Paul’s coworkers, who is mentioned nowhere else. Tychicus: a trusted coworker of Paul who on several occasions seems to be traveling with the Apostle or for him (see Acts 20:4; Eph 6:21f; Col 4:7f; 2 Tim 4:12). Nicopolis: a city in the Roman province of Epirus on the west coast of Greece.
3. Titus 3:13 Zenas . . . Apollos: almost certainly the bearers of this Letter. Zenas is a coworker of Paul mentioned nowhere else. Apollos is the well-known Alexandrian Jewish convert who was fully instructed at Ephesus and worked effectively in the Church of Corinth (see Acts 18:24-28; 19:1; 1 Cor 1:12; 3:4-6; 16:12).
4. Titus 3:14 Urgent needs: another possible translation is: “practical needs.”