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And having seen the crowds, He went up on the mountain. And He having sat-down, His disciples[a] came to Him. And having opened His mouth He was teaching[b] them[c], saying—

These Are The Ones God Considers Blessed

“Blessed[d] are the poor in spirit, because the kingdom of the heavens is theirs. Blessed are the ones mourning, because they[e] will be comforted. Blessed are the gentle ones, because they will inherit the earth. Blessed are the ones hungering and thirsting as to righteousness, because they will be filled-to-satisfaction. Blessed are the merciful ones, because they will be shown-mercy. Blessed are the pure in heart, because they will see God. Blessed are the peacemakers, because they will be called sons of God[f]. 10 Blessed are the ones having been persecuted for the sake of righteousness, because the kingdom of the heavens is theirs. 11 You are blessed ones whenever they reproach you and persecute you and speak every [kind of] evil against you while lying, because-of [g] Me. 12 Be rejoicing and be overjoyed, because your reward is great in the heavens. For in this manner they persecuted the prophets before you.

You Are Salt And Light. Salt Must Be Tasty. Light Must Shine

13 You are the salt of the earth. But if the salt should become-tasteless, with what will it be salted[h]? It no longer has strength for anything except, having been thrown outside, to be trampled-underfoot by people. 14 You are the light of the world. A city lying on a hill is not able to be hidden. 15 Nor do they burn a lamp and put it under the basket, but on the lampstand— and it shines on all the ones in the house. 16 In this manner, let your light shine in front of people so that they may see your good works and glorify your Father in the heavens.

I Came To Fulfill The Law. Your Righteousness Must Abound More Than The Pharisees

17 “Do not think that I came to abolish[i] the Law or the Prophets. I did not come to abolish, but to fulfill[j]. 18 For truly I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, one iota[k] or one stroke[l] will by no means pass away from the Law until all things take-place[m]. 19 Therefore, whoever breaks[n] one of the least of these commandments and in this manner teaches people— he will be called least in the kingdom of the heavens. But whoever does and teaches them— this one will be called great in the kingdom of the heavens. 20 For I say to you that unless your righteousness abounds more[o] than [that of] the scribes and Pharisees, you will by-no-means[p] enter into the kingdom of the heavens!

Some Say Do Not Murder. I Say Do Not Get Angry

21 “You heard that it was said to[q] the ancient ones, ‘You shall not murder’, and ‘Whoever murders shall be liable[r] to the judgment’. 22 But I say to you that everyone being angry with his brother shall be liable to judgment. And whoever says to his brother, ‘Raca’[s], shall be liable to the Sanhedrin. And whoever says, ‘Fool’[t], shall be liable to the Gehenna[u] of [v] fire. 23 Therefore if you are offering your gift at the altar, and there you remember that your brother has something against you, 24 leave your gift there in front of the altar, and go. First be reconciled to your brother, and then, having come, be offering your gift. 25 Be settling with your adversary quickly— until[w] you are with him on the way [to court]— that your adversary might not perhaps hand you over to the judge, and the judge to the officer, and you be thrown into prison. 26 Truly I say to you, you will by no means come out from there until you pay the last quadrans[x].

Some Say Do Not Commit Adultery. I Say Do Not Desire Another Woman

27 “You heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit-adultery’. 28 But I say to you that everyone looking-at a woman so-as to desire[y] her already committed-adultery-with her in his heart. 29 And if your right eye is causing you to fall, tear it out[z] and throw it from you. For it is better[aa] for you that one of your body-parts perish and your whole body not be thrown into Gehenna. 30 And if your right hand is causing you to fall, cut it off and throw it from you. For it is better for you that one of your body-parts perish and your whole body not go into Gehenna.

Some Say Get a Legal Divorce. I Say Divorcees Who Remarry Commit Adultery

31 “And it was said, ‘Whoever sends-away[ab] his wife, let him give her a divorce[ac] certificate’. 32 But I say to you that everyone sending-away his wife except for a matter[ad] of sexual-immorality is causing her to commit-adultery[ae]. And whoever marries a woman having been sent-away [from her husband] is committing-adultery.

Some Say Do Not Break Your Oath. I Say Do Not Swear an Oath At All

33 “Again, you heard that it was said to the ancient ones, ‘You shall not break-your-oath[af], but you shall pay your oaths to the Lord’. 34 But I say to you not to swear-with-an-oath[ag] at all— 35 neither by heaven, because it is the throne of God; nor by earth, because it is a footstool of His feet; nor with reference to Jerusalem, because it is the city of the great King; 36 nor may you swear-with-an-oath by your head, because you are not able to make one hair white or black. 37 But let your statement be, ‘Yes, yes’, [or] ‘No, no’. And the thing beyond these is from[ah] the evil one.

Some Say Avenge an Eye For an Eye. I Say Do Not Retaliate, But Do The Opposite

38 “You heard that it was said, ‘An eye for[ai] an eye, and a tooth for a tooth’. 39 But I say to you not to resist[aj] the evil person. But whoever slaps[ak] you on your right cheek, turn the other to him also. 40 And to the one wanting to sue you and take your tunic[al], permit him also the cloak. 41 And whoever will press you into service[am] for one mile, go with him two. 42 Give to the one asking you, and do not turn away from the one wanting to borrow from you.

Some Say Hate Your Enemies. I Say Love Them And Pray For Them

43 “You heard that it was said, ‘You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy’. 44 But I say to you, be loving your enemies, and be praying for the ones persecuting you, 45 so that you may prove-to-be[an] sons of your Father[ao] in the heavens— because He causes His sun to rise upon evil and good ones, and He sends rain upon righteous and unrighteous ones. 46 For if you love the ones loving you, what reward do you have? Are not even the tax-collectors doing the same? 47 And if you greet your brothers only, what extraordinary thing are you doing? Are not even the Gentiles[ap] doing the same?

Be Perfect Reflections of Your Heavenly Father

48 “Therefore you shall be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect.

But Do Not Merely Put On a Show of Righteousness For Others

“But take-heed not to do your righteousness[aq] in-front-of people so-as to be seen[ar] by them. Otherwise indeed, you do not have a reward with your Father in the heavens.

Don’t Give Money To Glorify Yourself. Give Without Thinking of Yourself At All

“So whenever you do almsgiving[as], do not trumpet it before you as-indeed the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the lanes[at] so that they may be glorified by people. Truly I say to you, they are receiving their reward[au] in full. But while you are doing almsgiving, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, so that your almsgiving may be in secret. And your Father, the One seeing in secret, will reward you.

Don’t Pray To Impress Others. Always Pray As If Alone With Your Heavenly Father

“And whenever you pray, do not be like the hypocrites. Because standing in the synagogues and on the corners of the wide-roads, they love to pray so that they may make-an-appearance[av] to people. Truly I say to you, they are receiving their reward in full. But whenever you pray, enter into your inner-room, and having shut your door, pray to your Father, the One in secret. And your Father, the One seeing in secret, will reward you.

Don’t Babble On In Prayer. Pray As a Child of God, Aligned With His Purposes

“And while praying, do not babble as-indeed the Gentiles do. For they are thinking that they will be heard by means of their many-words[aw]. So do not be like them, for your Father knows of the things which you have a need before you ask Him. Therefore, you be praying as follows, ‘Our Father in the heavens: 10 let[ax] Your name be treated-as-holy. Let Your kingdom come. Let Your will be done[ay]— as in heaven, also on earth. 11 Give us today our daily bread. 12 And forgive us our debts, as we also forgave[az] our debtors. 13 And do not bring us into a temptation[ba], but deliver[bb] us from the evil one[bc]’. 14 For if you forgive people their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. 15 But if you do not forgive people their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses.

Don’t Display Yourself As Fasting. Fast In Secret

16 “And whenever you fast, do not be like the sad-faced hypocrites. For they disfigure[bd] their faces so that they may appear to people as ones fasting. Truly I say to you, they are receiving their reward in full. 17 But while you are fasting, anoint your head and wash your face 18 so that you may not appear to people as one fasting, but to your Father, the One in secret. And your Father, the One seeing in secret, will reward you.

Build Your Storehouse of Treasure In Heaven, Not On Earth

19 “Do not be treasuring-up treasures for yourselves on earth, where moth and eating[be] destroy, and where thieves break-in and steal. 20 But be treasuring up treasures for yourselves in heaven, where neither moth nor eating destroys, and where thieves do not break in nor steal.

Your Heart Will Be Where Your Treasure Is. You Cannot Serve God And Money

21 “For where your treasure is, there your heart also will be. 22 The lamp[bf] of the body is the eye. Therefore if your eye is single[bg], your whole body will be full-of-light[bh]. 23 But if your eye is bad[bi], your whole body will be full-of-darkness. If then the light in you is darkness[bj], how great is the darkness! 24 No one can be serving[bk] two masters. For either he will hate the one and love the other, or he will be devoted-to one and disregard[bl] the other. You cannot be serving God and wealth[bm].

Don’t Be Anxious About Your Earthly Life. Seek God’s Kingdom And Righteousness

25 “For this reason I say to you— do not be anxious[bn] for your life as to what you may eat or what you may drink, nor for your body as to what you may put-on. Is not life more than food, and the body more than clothing? 26 Look at the birds of the heaven— that they do not sow, nor reap, nor gather into barns. And your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not worth more than they? 27 And which of you while being anxious is able to add one cubit[bo] upon his life-span? 28 And why are you anxious about clothing? Observe-closely the lilies of the field, how they grow— they do not labor nor spin. 29 But I say to you that not even Solomon in all his glory clothed himself like one of these. 30 But if God dresses in this manner the grass of the field existing today and being thrown into an oven tomorrow, will He not by much more care for you— ones of-little-faith? 31 Therefore, do not be anxious[bp], saying, ‘What may we eat?’ or ‘What may we drink?’ or ‘What may we put-on?’ 32 For the Gentiles are seeking-after all these things. For your heavenly Father knows that you have need of all these things. 33 But be seeking first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, and all these things will be added to you. 34 Therefore do not be anxious for tomorrow, for tomorrow will be anxious for itself. Sufficient for the day is the trouble[bq] of it.

Don’t Be Judgmental of Others. But Use Discernment In Your Actions Toward Others

“Do not be judging[br], in order that you may not be judged. For with what judgment you judge, you will be judged; and with what measure you measure, it will be measured to you. And why do you look-at the speck in the eye of your brother, but do not consider[bs] the log in your eye? Or how will you say to your brother, ‘Permit me to take out the speck from your eye’, and behold— the log is in your eye? Hypocrite! First take out the log from your eye, and then you will see-clearly to take out the speck from the eye of your brother. Do not give the holy thing to the dogs[bt], nor throw your pearls in front of the pigs, so that they will not perhaps trample them with their feet, and having turned, tear you to pieces.

Keep Pursuing What You Need From God. He Will Give You Good Things

“Be asking, and it will be given to you; be seeking, and you will find; be knocking, and it will be opened to you. For everyone asking receives; and the one seeking finds; and to the one knocking, it will be opened. Or what person is there from-among you whom his son will ask-for bread— he will not give him a stone[bu], will he? 10 Or indeed he will ask-for a fish— he will not give him a snake[bv], will he? 11 Therefore if you, being evil, know-how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your Father in the heavens give good things to the ones asking Him!

Treat Others As You Yourself Want To Be Treated

12 “Therefore, everything that you want[bw] people to be doing to you, thus also you be doing to them. For this is the Law and the Prophets.

Enter God’s Kingdom Through The Narrow Gate, Which Is Found By Few

13 “Enter through the narrow gate, because wide is the gate and broad[bx] is the road leading-away to destruction— and many are the ones entering through it. 14 How narrow is the gate and constricted[by] is the road leading-away to life— and few are the ones finding it.

Beware of False Prophets. The Nature of What They Produce Will Reveal Them

15 “Beware of the false-prophets— who come to you in the clothing of sheep, but inside are ravenous[bz] wolves. 16 You will know them by their fruits. They do not collect grapes from thorns, or figs from thistles, do they? 17 Thus, every good tree produces good fruit, but the bad tree produces bad[ca] fruit. 18 A good tree is not able to produce bad fruit, nor is a bad tree able to produce good[cb] fruit. 19 Every tree not producing good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire. 20 So indeed, you will know them by their fruits.

Not Everyone Talking About God Knows Him. Only Those Doing His Will Enter His Kingdom

21 “Not everyone saying to Me, ‘Lord, Lord’, will enter into the kingdom of the heavens, but the one doing the will of My Father in the heavens. 22 Many will say to Me on that day, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in Your name, and cast-out demons in Your name, and do many miracles[cc] in Your name?’ 23 And then I will declare[cd] to them that ‘I never knew[ce] you. Depart from Me, ones working lawlessness’. 24 Therefore everyone who hears these words of Mine and is doing them will be-like a wise[cf] man who built his house upon the bed-rock. 25 And the rain came down, and the rivers[cg] came, and the winds blew— and they fell against that house. And it did not fall, for it had been founded upon the bed-rock. 26 And everyone hearing these words of Mine and not doing them will be like a foolish man who built his house upon the sand. 27 And the rain came down, and the rivers came, and the winds blew— and they struck-against that house. And it fell, and the falling[ch] of it was great”.

The Works of The King: Divine Power In Action

28 And it came about that when Jesus finished these words, the crowds were astounded[ci] at His teaching. 29 For He was teaching them as One having authority, and not as their scribes.

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 5:1 That is, the twelve; or, the larger group from which the twelve were chosen, Lk 6:13, 17, 20.
  2. Matthew 5:2 Chapters 5-7 may represent the attainable standard of righteousness necessary to enter the kingdom; or, the unattainable standard that drives us to Christ, the premier application of the Law; or, the standard of conduct for those who have entered the kingdom.
  3. Matthew 5:2 That is, the crowds (note 7:28); or, the disciples.
  4. Matthew 5:3 Or, Fortunate, Happy, from God’s point of view.
  5. Matthew 5:4 Or, they themselves (and in each case below). This word has the emphasis.
  6. Matthew 5:9 That is, children characterized by the same trait as their Father.
  7. Matthew 5:11 That is, from the persecutor’s point of view. Or, for the sake of, from the believer’s point of view.
  8. Matthew 5:13 Or, seasoned.
  9. Matthew 5:17 Or, destroy, do away with, annul.
  10. Matthew 5:17 Or, complete, finish. That is, to perfectly fulfill the Law’s requirements; or, to fill out its true meaning and intent in His teaching; or, to bring it to its completion and conclusion in His death.
  11. Matthew 5:18 That is, the smallest letter, like our i.
  12. Matthew 5:18 That is, the single stoke that distinguishes one letter from another, like an E from an F, or a Q from an O.
  13. Matthew 5:18 Or, happen, come about.
  14. Matthew 5:19 That is, annuls the authority of, does away with, repeals.
  15. Matthew 5:20 As seen in what follows, Jesus means it must not merely be an external righteousness.
  16. Matthew 5:20 Or, never.
  17. Matthew 5:21 Or, by.
  18. Matthew 5:21 Or, answerable, subject.
  19. Matthew 5:22 That is, empty one; numbskull, blockhead.
  20. Matthew 5:22 This may have the same meaning as Raca; or, Raca may insult the intellect, Fool the character.
  21. Matthew 5:22 Or, hell.
  22. Matthew 5:22 That is, characterized by fire; the fiery Gehenna.
  23. Matthew 5:25 Lit, up to which time. Or, while, in which case ‘[to court]’ can be omitted.
  24. Matthew 5:26 This is the smallest Roman coin, 1/64th of a denarius (a day’s wage). That is, once you enter the judicial system, this world’s or God’s, the full penalty must be paid.
  25. Matthew 5:28 so as to desire. This expresses the purpose of the looking.
  26. Matthew 5:29 Take whatever action is necessary to avoid sinning.
  27. Matthew 5:29 The eternal consequences of sin are far worse that losing physical eyesight.
  28. Matthew 5:31 Or, dismisses. This refers to the physical separation aspect of divorce. The legal aspect is referred to next.
  29. Matthew 5:31 This legal document was to protect the woman and make it possible for her to remarry.
  30. Matthew 5:32 Or, word, account.
  31. Matthew 5:32 Or, become-an-adulteress. That is, when she remarries.
  32. Matthew 5:33 Or, swear-falsely, make-false-oaths.
  33. Matthew 5:34 Or, affirm, confirm with an oath, such as saying ‘I swear by heaven...’.
  34. Matthew 5:37 Or, of evil; that is, of evil origin.
  35. Matthew 5:38 That is, let your revenge be in proportion to the offense.
  36. Matthew 5:39 Or, oppose, stand against. Leave vengeance to God. Do not return evil for evil, Rom 12:17.
  37. Matthew 5:39 A slap is a personal affront.
  38. Matthew 5:40 tunic... cloak. The Law did not permit Jews to take the outer cloak, but they could sue for the tunic, the undergarment.
  39. Matthew 5:41 Soldiers would compel people to carry their things. Simon was pressed into service to carry the cross, Mt 27:32.
  40. Matthew 5:45 Or, be, become.
  41. Matthew 5:45 That is, children characterized by the same trait as your Father.
  42. Matthew 5:47 That is, the non-believers.
  43. Matthew 6:1 That is, your righteous deeds.
  44. Matthew 6:1 That is, for the purpose of being seen.
  45. Matthew 6:2 That is, give to the poor as charity.
  46. Matthew 6:2 Or, narrow streets, alleys.
  47. Matthew 6:2 Their reward is glory from people.
  48. Matthew 6:5 Or, are-visible.
  49. Matthew 6:7 Or, wordiness, much talking.
  50. Matthew 6:10 That is, make it reality that your name is treated as holy (it does not mean ‘let’ in the sense of ‘allow’). All six requests are in the form of a command (as usual), but the grammar changes with the fourth request.
  51. Matthew 6:10 Or, take place, come about, happen, become reality.
  52. Matthew 6:12 Forgiveness is assumed to be a characteristic part of a believer’s life.
  53. Matthew 6:13 That is, a situation in which we will be tempted by the evil one. Or, testing, trial. Compare Lk 22:40.
  54. Matthew 6:13 Or, rescue, save.
  55. Matthew 6:13 Or, from evil. Some manuscripts add ‘Because Yours is the kingdom and the power and the glory forever, amen’.
  56. Matthew 6:16 These people blackened their faces with ashes so they would be seen by others as ones fasting.
  57. Matthew 6:19 That is, the consumption of all kinds of treasures by all kinds of natural processes, of which moth-eating is a specific example. Or, eating by rust, corroding (a meaning not found elsewhere in Greek), if Jesus specifically has in view here a different category of treasure than that eaten by moths, metal treasures.
  58. Matthew 6:22 That is, the source of light.
  59. Matthew 6:22 Or, sincere, simple. That is, single-focused on God; or, spiritually healthy.
  60. Matthew 6:22 Or, illuminated.
  61. Matthew 6:23 That is, double-focused on wealth and God; or, sick, spiritually diseased.
  62. Matthew 6:23 That is, if the spiritual ‘light’ your eye allows in is in fact darkness.
  63. Matthew 6:24 That is, be serving as slave to.
  64. Matthew 6:24 The slave will internally hate or love one master over the other, or he will express this in action, devoting himself to serving one while disregarding the other.
  65. Matthew 6:24 Or, property, money.
  66. Matthew 6:25 Or, be worried about, be concerned about. The grammar implies, stop being anxious, or, do not be in the habit of being anxious.
  67. Matthew 6:27 That is, add 18 inches, one step, to his life’s path.
  68. Matthew 6:31 The grammar implies, do not become anxious, as also in v 34, addressing the issue as a whole.
  69. Matthew 6:34 Or, misfortune, evil, badness.
  70. Matthew 7:1 That is, in the sense of finding fault with, criticizing, passing judgment on.
  71. Matthew 7:3 Or, notice, perceive.
  72. Matthew 7:6 That is, unholy persons, God-rejecters, as in Rev 22:15. This statement balances v 1 and 3, since this requires a proper kind of judging.
  73. Matthew 7:9 That is, something useless.
  74. Matthew 7:10 That is, something harmful.
  75. Matthew 7:12 Or, wish, desire, intend.
  76. Matthew 7:13 Or, spacious, roomy.
  77. Matthew 7:14 Or, pressed in, compressed.
  78. Matthew 7:15 Or, thieving, vicious.
  79. Matthew 7:17 good ... good... bad... bad. Two different words are used for ‘good’ and ‘bad’ here. Jesus may mean every ‘beneficial’ type of tree (like a fruit tree) produces fruit ‘fit’ to eat, but every ‘unusable’ type of tree produces ‘useless’ fruit or none at all. Or, He may mean every ‘good’ fruit tree produces ‘healthy’ fruit, but the ‘rotten’ fruit tree produces ‘bad’ fruit or none at all.
  80. Matthew 7:18 good... bad... bad... good. That is, the ‘beneficial’ type of tree cannot produce ‘useless’ fruit, nor the ‘unusable’ tree fruit ‘fit’ to eat; or, the ‘good’ fruit tree cannot produce ‘bad’ fruit, nor can the ‘rotten’ fruit tree produce ‘healthy’ fruit.
  81. Matthew 7:22 Or, works of power.
  82. Matthew 7:23 Or. confess.
  83. Matthew 7:23 That is, as one of My family.
  84. Matthew 7:24 Or, prudent, sensible.
  85. Matthew 7:25 That is, rivers of flood waters.
  86. Matthew 7:27 Or, collapse, downfall.
  87. Matthew 7:28 Or, overwhelmed, amazed, astonished.

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