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BOOK IV

(Psalms 90–106)

(A prayer by Moses, the man of God.)

God Is Eternal

Our Lord, in all generations
    you have been our home.
You have always been God—
long before the birth
    of the mountains,
even before you created
    the earth and the world.

At your command we die
    and turn back to dust,
(A) but a thousand years
    mean nothing to you!
They are merely a day gone by
    or a few hours in the night.

You bring our lives to an end
    just like a dream.
We are merely tender grass
    that sprouts and grows
in the morning,
    but dries up by evening.
Your furious anger frightens
    and destroys us,
and you know all our sins,
    even those we do in secret.

Your anger is a burden
each day we live,
    then life ends like a sigh.
10 (B) We can expect seventy years,
or maybe eighty,
    if we are healthy,
but even our best years
    bring trouble and sorrow.
Suddenly our time is up,
    and we disappear.
11 No one knows the full power
    of your furious anger,
but it is as great as the fear
    that we owe to you.
12 Teach us to use wisely
    all the time we have.

13 Help us, Lord! Don't wait!
    Pity your servants.
14 When morning comes,
let your love satisfy
    all our needs.
Then we can celebrate
and be glad for what time
    we have left.
15 Make us happy for as long
as you caused us trouble
    and sorrow.
16 Do wonderful things for us,
    your servants,
and show your mighty power
    to our children.
17 Our Lord and our God,
    treat us with kindness
and let all go well for us.
    Please let all go well!

The Lord Is My Fortress

Live under the protection
    of God Most High
and stay in the shadow
    of God All-Powerful.
Then you will say to the Lord,
“You are my fortress,
    my place of safety;
you are my God,
    and I trust you.”

The Lord will keep you safe
from secret traps
    and deadly diseases.
He will spread his wings
over you
    and keep you secure.
His faithfulness is like
    a shield or a city wall.[a]

You won't need to worry
about dangers at night
    or arrows during the day.
And you won't fear diseases
that strike in the dark
    or sudden disaster at noon.

You will not be harmed,
though thousands fall
    all around you.
And with your own eyes
you will see the punishment
    of the wicked.
The Lord Most High
    is your fortress.
Run to him for safety,
10 and no terrible disasters
    will strike you
    or your home.

11 (C) God will command his angels
to protect you
    wherever you go.
12 (D) They will carry you
    in their arms,
and you won't hurt your feet
    on the stones.
13 (E) You will overpower
the strongest lions
    and the most deadly snakes.

14 The Lord says, “If you love me
    and truly know who I am,
I will rescue you
    and keep you safe.
15 When you are in trouble,
    call out to me.
I will answer and be there
    to protect and honor you.
16 You will live a long life
    and see my saving power.”

(A psalm and a song for the Sabbath.)

Sing Praises to the Lord

It is wonderful to be grateful
and to sing your praises,
    Lord Most High!
It is wonderful each morning
    to tell about your love
and at night to announce
    how faithful you are.
I enjoy praising your name
    to the music of harps,
because everything you do
makes me happy,
    and I sing joyful songs.

You do great things, Lord.
    Your thoughts are too deep
(F) for an ignorant fool
    to know or understand.
Though the wicked sprout
    and spread like grass,
they will be pulled up
    by their roots.
But you will rule
    over all of us forever,
and your hateful enemies
will be scattered
    and then destroyed.

10 You have given me
    the strength of a wild ox,
and you have chosen me
    to be your very own.
11 My eyes have seen,
    and my ears have heard
the doom and destruction
    of my evil enemies.

12 Good people will prosper
    like palm trees,
and they will grow strong
    like the cedars of Lebanon.
13 They will take root
in your house, Lord God,
    and they will do well.
14 They will be like trees
that stay healthy and fruitful,
    even when they are old.
15 And they will say about you,
“The Lord always does right!
    God is our mighty rock.”[b]

The Lord Is King

Our Lord, you are King!
Majesty and power
    are your royal robes.
You put the world in place,
    and it will never be moved.
You have always ruled,
    and you are eternal.

The ocean is roaring, Lord!
    The sea is pounding hard.
Its mighty waves are majestic,
but you are even more majestic,
    and you rule over all.
Your decisions are firm,
and your temple will always
    be beautiful and holy.

The Lord Punishes the Guilty

Lord God, you punish
    the guilty.
Show what you are like
    and punish them now.
You judge the earth.
    Come and help us!
Pay back those proud people
    for what they have done.
How long will the wicked
    celebrate and be glad?

All of those cruel people
    strut and boast,
and they crush and wound
    your chosen nation, Lord.
They murder widows,
    foreigners, and orphans.
Then they say,
“The Lord God of Jacob
    doesn't see or know.”

Can't you fools see?
    Won't you ever learn?
God gave us ears and eyes!
    Can't he hear and see?
10 God instructs the nations
and gives knowledge to us all.
    Won't he also correct us?
11 (G) The Lord knows how useless
    our plans really are.

12 Our Lord, you bless everyone
that you instruct and teach
    by using your Law.
13 You give them rest
    from their troubles,
until a pit can be dug
    for the wicked.
14 You won't turn your back
    on your chosen nation.
15 Justice and fairness
    will go hand in hand,
and all who do right
    will follow along.

16 Who will stand up for me
    against those cruel people?
17 If you had not helped me, Lord,
I would soon have gone
    to the land of silence.[c]
18 When I felt my feet slipping,
you came with your love
    and kept me steady.
19 And when I was burdened
    with worries,
you comforted me
    and made me feel secure.
20 But you are opposed
    to dishonest lawmakers
21 who gang up to murder
    innocent victims.

22 You, Lord God, are my fortress,
that mighty rock[d]
    where I am safe.
23 You will pay back my enemies,
and you will wipe them out
    for the evil they did.

Worship and Obey the Lord

Sing joyful songs to the Lord!
Praise the mighty rock[e]
    where we are safe.
Come to worship him
with thankful hearts
    and songs of praise.

The Lord is the greatest God,
    king over all other gods.
He holds the deepest part
    of the earth in his hands,
and the mountain peaks
    also belong to him.
The ocean is the Lord's
    because he made it,
and with his own hands
    he formed the dry land.

Bow down and worship
    the Lord our Creator!
(H)(I) The Lord is our God,
    and we are his people,
the sheep he takes care of
    in his own pasture.

Listen to God's voice today!
(J) Don't be stubborn and rebel
    as your ancestors did
at Meribah and Massah[f]
    out in the desert.
For forty years
they tested God and saw
    the things he did.
10 Then God got tired of them
    and said,
“You never show good sense,
and you don't understand
    what I want you to do.”
11 (K) In his anger, God told them,
“You people will never enter
    my place of rest.”

Sing a New Song to the Lord

Sing a new song to the Lord!
Everyone on this earth,
    sing praises to the Lord,
    sing and praise his name.

Day after day announce,
    “The Lord has saved us!”
Tell every nation on earth,
“The Lord is wonderful
    and does marvelous things!
The Lord is great and deserves
    our greatest praise!
He is the only God
    worthy of our worship.
Other nations worship idols,
but the Lord created
    the heavens.
Give honor and praise
    to the Lord,
whose power and beauty
    fill his holy temple.”

(L) Tell everyone of every nation,
“Praise the glorious power
    of the Lord.
He is wonderful! Praise him
and bring an offering
    into his temple.
Everyone on earth, now tremble
and worship the Lord,
    majestic and holy.”

10 Announce to the nations,
    “The Lord is King!
The world stands firm,
    never to be shaken,
and he will judge its people
    with fairness.”

11 Tell the heavens and the earth
    to be glad and celebrate!
Command the ocean to roar
    with all its creatures
12 and the fields to rejoice
    with all their crops.
Then every tree in the forest
will sing joyful songs
13     to the Lord.
He is coming to judge
all people on earth
    with fairness and truth.

The Lord Brings Justice

The Lord is King!
Tell the earth to celebrate
    and all islands to shout.
Dark clouds surround him,
and his throne is supported
    by justice and fairness.
Fire leaps from his throne,
    destroying his enemies,
and his lightning is so bright
that the earth sees it
    and trembles.
Mountains melt away like wax
in the presence of the Lord
    of all the earth.

The heavens announce,
“The Lord brings justice!”
    Everyone sees God's glory.
Those who brag about
the useless idols they worship
    are terribly ashamed,
and all the false gods
    bow down to the Lord.

When the people of Zion
    and of the towns of Judah
hear that God brings justice,
    they will celebrate.
The Lord rules the whole earth,
and he is more glorious
    than all the false gods.

10 Love the Lord
    and hate evil!
God protects his loyal people
and rescues them
    from violence.
11 If you obey and do right,
a light will show you the way
    and fill you with happiness.
12 You are the Lord's people!
So celebrate and praise
    the only God.

The Lord Works Miracles

Sing a new song to the Lord!
    He has worked miracles,
and with his own powerful arm,
    he has won the victory.
The Lord has shown the nations
that he has the power to save
    and to bring justice.
God has been faithful
    in his love for Israel,
and his saving power is seen
    everywhere on earth.

Tell everyone on this earth
to sing happy songs
    in praise of the Lord.
Make music for him on harps.
    Play beautiful melodies!
Sound the trumpets and horns
and celebrate with joyful songs
    for our Lord and King!

Command the ocean to roar
    with all its creatures,
and the earth to shout
    with all its people.
Order the rivers
    to clap their hands,
and all the hills
    to sing together.
Let them worship the Lord!
He is coming to judge
    everyone on the earth,
and he will be honest
    and fair.

Our Lord Is King

(M) Our Lord, you are King!
    You rule from your throne
above the winged creatures,[g]
    as people tremble
    and the earth shakes.
You are praised in Zion,
    and you control all nations.
Only you are God!
    And your power alone,
so great and fearsome,
    is worthy of praise.
You are our mighty King,[h]
    a lover of fairness,
who sees that justice is done
    everywhere in Israel.
Our Lord and our God,
    we praise you
and kneel down to worship you,
    the God of holiness!

Moses and Aaron were two
    of your priests.
Samuel was also one of those
    who prayed in your name,
and you, our Lord,
    answered their prayers.
(N) You spoke to them
from a thick cloud,
    and they obeyed your laws.

Our Lord and our God,
you answered their prayers
    and forgave their sins,
but when they did wrong,
    you punished them.
We praise you, Lord God,
    and we worship you
at your sacred mountain.
    Only you are God!

(A psalm of praise.)

The Lord Is God

Shout praises to the Lord,
    everyone on this earth.
Be joyful and sing
as you come in
    to worship the Lord!

You know the Lord is God!
He created us,
    and we belong to him;
we are his people,
    the sheep in his pasture.

Be thankful and praise the Lord
    as you enter his temple.
(O) The Lord is good!
His love and faithfulness
    will last forever.

(A psalm by David.)

A King and His Promises

I will sing to you, Lord!
I will celebrate your kindness
    and your justice.
Please help me learn
    to do the right thing,
and I will be honest and fair
    in my own kingdom.

I refuse to be corrupt
or to take part
    in anything crooked,
and I won't be dishonest
    or deceitful.

Anyone who spreads gossip
    will be silenced;
no one who is conceited
    will be my friend.

I will find trustworthy people
    to serve as my advisors;
only an honest person
    will serve as an official.

No one who cheats or lies
will have a position
    in my royal court.
Each morning I will silence
    any lawbreakers I find
in the countryside
    or in the city of the Lord.

(A prayer for someone who hurts and needs to ask the Lord for help.)

A Prayer in Time of Trouble

I pray to you, Lord!
    Please listen.
Don't hide from me
    in my time of trouble.
Pay attention to my prayer
    and quickly give an answer.

My days disappear like smoke,
and my bones are burning
    as though in a furnace.
I am wasting away like grass,
    and my appetite is gone.
My groaning never stops,
and my bones can be seen
    through my skin.
I am like a lonely owl
    in the desert
or a restless sparrow
    alone on a roof.

My enemies insult me all day,
and they use my name
    for a curse word.
Instead of food,
I have ashes to eat
    and tears to drink,
10 because you are furious
    and have thrown me aside.
11 My life fades like a shadow
at the end of day
    and withers like grass.

12 Our Lord, you are King forever
    and will always be famous.
13 You will show pity to Zion
    because the time has come.
14 We, your servants,
    love each stone in the city,
and we are sad to see them
    lying in the dirt.

15 Our Lord, the nations
    will honor you,
and all kings on earth
    will praise your glory.
16 You will rebuild
    the city of Zion.
Your glory will be seen,
17 and the prayers of the homeless
    will be answered.

18 Future generations must also
praise the Lord,
    so write this for them:
19 “From his holy temple,
the Lord looked down
    at the earth.
20 He listened to the groans
    of prisoners,
and he rescued everyone
    who was doomed to die.”

21 All Jerusalem should praise
    you, our Lord,
22 when people from every nation
    meet to worship you.

23 I should still be strong,
but you, Lord, have made
    an old person of me.
24 You will live forever!
Years mean nothing to you.
    Don't cut my life in half!

25 (P) In the beginning, Lord,
you laid the earth's foundation
    and created the heavens.
26 They will all disappear
    and wear out like clothes.
You change them,
as you would a coat,
    but you last forever.
27 You are always the same.
    You are God for all time.
28 Every generation of those
who serve you
    will live in your presence.

(By David.)

The Lord's Wonderful Love

With all my heart
    I praise the Lord,
and with all that I am
    I praise his holy name!
With all my heart
    I praise the Lord!
I will never forget
    how kind he has been.

The Lord forgives our sins,
heals us when we are sick,
    and protects us from death.
His kindness and love
    are a crown on our heads.
Each day that we live,[i]
    he provides for our needs
and gives us the strength
    of a young eagle.

For all who are mistreated,
    the Lord brings justice.
He taught his Law to Moses
and showed all Israel
    what he could do.

(Q) The Lord is merciful!
He is kind and patient,
    and his love never fails.
The Lord won't always be angry
    and point out our sins;
10 he doesn't punish us
    as our sins deserve.

11 How great is God's love for all
    who worship him?
Greater than the distance
    between heaven and earth!
12 How far has the Lord taken
    our sins from us?
Farther than the distance
    from east to west!

13 Just as parents are kind
    to their children,
the Lord is kind
    to all who worship him,
14 because he knows
    we are made of dust.
15 We humans are like grass
or wild flowers
    that quickly bloom.
16 But a scorching wind blows,
and they quickly wither
    to be forever forgotten.

17 The Lord is always kind
    to those who worship him,
and he keeps his promises
to their descendants
18 who faithfully obey him.

19 God has set up his kingdom
in heaven, and he rules
    the whole creation.
20 All of you mighty angels,
who obey God's commands,
    come and praise your Lord!
21 All of you thousands
who serve and obey God,
    come and praise your Lord!
22 All of God's creation
and all that he rules,
    come and praise your Lord!
With all my heart
    I praise the Lord!

The Lord Takes Care of His Creation

I praise you, Lord God,
    with all my heart.
You are glorious and majestic,
dressed in royal robes
    and surrounded by light.
You spread out the sky
    like a tent,
and you built your home
    over the mighty ocean.
The clouds are your chariot
    with the wind as its wings.
(R) The winds are your messengers,
and flames of fire
    are your servants.

You built foundations
for the earth, and it
    will never be shaken.
You covered the earth
with the ocean that rose
    above the mountains.
Then your voice thundered!
And the water flowed
    down the mountains
and through the valleys
    to the place you prepared.
Now you have set boundaries,
so that the water will never
    flood the earth again.

10 You provide streams of water
    in the hills and valleys,
11 so that the donkeys
and other wild animals
    can satisfy their thirst.
12 Birds build their nests nearby
    and sing in the trees.
13 From your home above
you send rain on the hills
    and water the earth.
14 You let the earth produce
    grass for cattle,
    plants for our food,
15     wine to cheer us up,
    olive oil for our skin,
    and grain for our health.

16 Our Lord, your trees
    always have water,
and so do the cedars
    you planted in Lebanon.
17 Birds nest in those trees,
and storks make their home
    in the fir trees.
18 Wild goats find a home
    in the tall mountains,
and small animals can hide
    between the rocks.

19 You created the moon
    to tell us the seasons.
The sun knows when to set,
20     and you made the darkness,
so the animals in the forest
    could come out at night.
21 Lions roar as they hunt
    for the food you provide.
22 But when morning comes,
    they return to their dens,
23 then we go out to work
    until the end of day.

24 Our Lord, by your wisdom
    you made so many things;
the whole earth is covered
    with your living creatures.
25 But what about the ocean
    so big and wide?
It is alive with creatures,
    large and small.
26 (S) And there are the ships,
    as well as Leviathan,[j]
the monster you created
    to splash in the sea.

27 All of these depend on you
    to provide them with food,
28 and you feed each one
with your own hand,
    until they are full.
29 But when you turn away,
    they are terrified;
when you end their life,
    they die and rot.
30 You created all of them
    by your Spirit,
and you give new life
    to the earth.

31 Our Lord, we pray
that your glory
    will last forever
and that you will be pleased
    with what you have done.
32 You look at the earth,
    and it trembles.
You touch the mountains,
    and smoke goes up.
33 As long as I live,
I will sing and praise you,
    the Lord God.
34 I hope my thoughts
    will please you,
because you are the one
    who makes me glad.

35 Destroy all wicked sinners
from the earth
    once and for all.
With all my heart
I praise you, Lord!
    I praise you!

The Lord Can Be Trusted

(T) Praise the Lord
    and pray in his name!
Tell everyone
    what he has done.
Sing praises to the Lord!
    Tell about his miracles.
Celebrate and worship
his holy name
    with all your heart.

Trust the Lord
    and his mighty power.
Remember his miracles
and all his wonders
    and his fair decisions.
You belong to the family
    of Abraham, his servant;
you are his chosen ones,
    the descendants of Jacob.

The Lord is our God,
bringing justice
    everywhere on earth.
He will never forget
his agreement or his promises,
    not in thousands of years.
* (U) God made an eternal promise
10     (V) to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob,
11 when he said, “I'll give you
    the land of Canaan.”

12 At the time there were
only a few of us,
    and we were homeless.
13 We wandered from nation
to nation, from one country
    to another.
14 (W) God did not let anyone
    mistreat our people.
Instead he protected us
    by punishing rulers
15 and telling them,
“Don't touch my chosen leaders
    or harm my prophets!”

16 (X) God kept crops from growing
until food was scarce
    everywhere in the land.
17 (Y) But he had already sent Joseph,
    sold as a slave into Egypt,
18 (Z) with chains of iron
    around his legs and neck.

19 Joseph remained a slave
until his own words
    had come true,
and the Lord had finished
    testing him.
20 (AA) Then the king of Egypt
    set Joseph free
21 (AB) and put him in charge
    of everything he owned.
22 Joseph was in command
    of the officials,
and he taught the leaders
    how to use wisdom.

23 (AC) Jacob and his family
came and settled in Egypt
    as foreigners.
24 (AD) They were the Lord's people,
so he let them grow stronger
    than their enemies.
25 They served the Lord,
and he made the Egyptians plan
    hateful things against them.
26 (AE) God sent his servant Moses.
He also chose and sent Aaron
27     to his people in Egypt,
and they worked miracles
    and wonders there.
28 (AF) Moses and Aaron obeyed God,
and he sent darkness
    to cover Egypt.
29 (AG) God turned their rivers
into streams of blood,
    and the fish all died.
30 (AH) Frogs were everywhere,
    even in the royal palace.
31 (AI) When God gave the command,
flies and gnats
    swarmed all around.

32 (AJ) In place of rain,
God sent hailstones
    and flashes of lightning.
33 He destroyed their grapevines
    and their fig trees,
and he made splinters
    of all the other trees.
34 (AK) God gave the command,
and more grasshoppers came
    than could be counted.
35 They ate every green plant
and all the crops that grew
    in the land of Egypt.
36 (AL) Then God took the life
    of every first-born son.

37 (AM) When God led Israel from Egypt,
they took silver and gold,
    and no one was left behind.
38 The Egyptians were afraid
    and gladly let them go.
39 (AN) God hid them under a cloud
and guided them by fire
    during the night.

40 (AO) When they asked for food,
he sent more birds
    than they could eat.
41 (AP) God even split open a rock,
and streams of water
    gushed into the desert.
42 God never forgot
his sacred promise
    to his servant Abraham.

43 When the Lord rescued
his chosen people from Egypt,
    they celebrated with songs.
44 (AQ) The Lord gave them the land
and everything else
    the nations had worked for.
45 He did this so that his people
would obey all his laws.
    Shout praises to the Lord!

A Nation Asks for Forgiveness

(AR) We will celebrate
    and praise you, Lord!
You are good to us,
    and your love never fails.
No one can praise you enough
for all the mighty things
    you have done.
You bless those people
who are honest and fair
    in everything they do.

Remember me, Lord,
when you show kindness
    by saving your people.
Let me prosper with the rest
    of your chosen ones,
as they celebrate with pride
    because they belong to you.

We and our ancestors
    have sinned terribly.
(AS) When they were in Egypt,
    they paid no attention
to your marvelous deeds
    or your wonderful love.
And they turned against you
    at the Red Sea.[k]

But you were true to your name,
and you rescued them to prove
    how mighty you are.
(AT) You said to the Red Sea,[l]
    “Dry up!”
Then you led your people across
    on land as dry as a desert.
10 You saved all of them
11 and drowned every one
    of their enemies.
12 (AU) Then your people trusted you
    and sang your praises.

13 But they soon forgot
what you had done
    and rejected your advice.
14 (AV) They became greedy for food
and tested you there
    in the desert.
15 So you gave them
    what they wanted,
but later you destroyed them
    with a horrible disease.

16 (AW) Everyone in camp was jealous
of Moses and of Aaron,
    your chosen priest.
17 Dathan and Abiram rebelled,
and the earth opened up
    and swallowed them.
18 Then fire broke out
and destroyed all
    of their followers.

19 (AX) At Horeb your people
made and worshiped the statue
20     of a bull, instead of you,
    their glorious God.
21 You worked powerful miracles
    to save them from Egypt,
but they forgot about you
22 and the fearsome things
    you did at the Red Sea.[m]
23 You were angry and started
    to destroy them,
but Moses, your chosen leader,
    begged you not to do it.

24 (AY) They would not trust
    you, Lord,
and they did not like
    the promised land.
25 They would not obey you,
and they grumbled
    in their tents.
26 So you threatened them
by saying, “I'll kill you
    out here in the desert!
27 (AZ) I'll scatter your children
    everywhere in the world.”

28 (BA) Your people became followers
    of a god named Baal Peor,
and they ate sacrifices
    offered to the dead.[n]
29 They did such terrible things
that you punished them
    with a deadly disease.
30 But Phinehas[o] helped them,
    and the sickness stopped.
31 Now he will always
    be highly honored.

32 (BB) At Meribah Spring[p]
they turned against you
    and made you furious.
33 Then Moses got into trouble
    for speaking in anger.

34 (BC) Our Lord, they disobeyed you
by refusing to destroy
    the nations.
35 Instead they were friendly
with those foreigners
    and followed their customs.
36 Then they fell into the trap
    of worshiping idols.
37 (BD) They sacrificed their sons
and their daughters to demons
38     (BE) and to the gods of Canaan.
Then they poured out the blood
of these innocent children
    and made the land filthy.
39 By doing such gruesome things,
    they also became filthy.

40 (BF) Finally, Lord, you were angry
and terribly disgusted
    with your people.
41 So you put them in the power
    of nations that hated them.
42 They were mistreated and abused
    by their enemies,
43 but you saved them
    time after time.
They were determined to rebel,
and their sins caused
    their downfall.

44 You answered their prayers
    when they were in trouble.
45 You kept your agreement
    and were so merciful
46 that their enemies
    had pity on them.

47 (BG) Save us, Lord God!
Bring us back
    from among the nations.
Let us celebrate and shout
    in praise of your holy name.

48 Lord God of Israel,
you deserve to be praised
    forever and ever.
Let everyone say, “Amen!
    Shout praises to the Lord!”

Footnotes

  1. 91.4 city wall: One possible meaning for a difficult Hebrew word; it may possibly mean some kind of shield or weapon.
  2. 92.15 mighty rock: See the note at 18.2.
  3. 94.17 land of silence: The grave or the world of the dead.
  4. 94.22 mighty rock: See the note at 18.2.
  5. 95.1 mighty rock: See the note at 18.2.
  6. 95.8 Meribah and Massah: See the note at 81.7.
  7. 99.1 winged creatures: See the note at 80.1.
  8. 99.4 You … King: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text.
  9. 103.5 Each … live: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text.
  10. 104.26 Leviathan: See the note at 74.14.
  11. 106.7 Red Sea: Hebrew yam suph, “Sea of Reeds,” one of the marshes or fresh water lakes near the eastern part of the Nile Delta. This identification is based on Exodus 13.17—14.9, which lists the towns on the route of the Israelites before crossing the sea. In the Greek translation of the Scriptures made about 200 b.c., the “Sea of Reeds” was named “Red Sea.”
  12. 106.9 Red Sea: See the note at 106.7.
  13. 106.22 Red Sea: See the note at 106.7.
  14. 106.28 the dead: Or “lifeless idols.”
  15. 106.30 Phinehas: The grandson of Aaron, who put two people to death and kept the Lord from being angry with the rest of his people (see Numbers 25.1-13).
  16. 106.32 Meribah Spring: See the note at 81.7.

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